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Structures in Micro Objects
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Nuclides of Trans Fermium Elements
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For any nuclide, we denote by
Z ... the number of protons (charge),
N ... the number of neutrons (glue), and
A ... the total number of nucleons (mass).
Whereas Einsteinium (Z = 99) and Fermium (Z = 100) have been identified in traces
already on the 1st of November, 1952, one day after
"Ivy / Mike"
,
the first thermonuclear experiment at Eniwetok in the Marshall Islands,
the discovery of the Trans Fermium Elements has accompanied my whole life
and will hopefully be hilited by the construction of stable,
doubly magic
Eka-Pb (Z = 114, N = 184 or 196)
or even Eka-Eka-Hg (Z = 164, N = 318) near Dominik's "Atomgewicht 500".
The given Terms describe the
state of the hull electrons
and behave rather regularly, except for Z = 111 (Uuu or Eka-Au),
where the 6d orbital is filled completely and
only a single valence electron remains in the 7s orbital.
(A feature that is shared by the entire 1st subgroup: Cu,Ag,Au,Uuu.)
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Z | Element | Symbol | A | N | Producer | Year | Old Name(s) | Term |
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101 | Mendelevium | Md | 256 | 155 | Seaborg & Ghiorso
& Harvey & Choppin
& Thompson | 1955 | Eka-Tm | [Rn]5f136d07s2 |
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102 | Nobelium | No | 252 | 150 | Fields;
Seaborg & Ghiorso
& Sikkeland & Walton;
Flerov | 1957
1958 | Eka-Yb | [Rn]5f146d07s2 |
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103 | Lawrencium | Lr | 257 | 154 | Ghiorso & Sikkeland
& Larsh & Latimer | 1961 | Eka-Lu | [Rn]5f146d17s2 |
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104 | Rutherfordium | Rf | 260 | 156 | Flerov;
Ghiorso | 1964
1969 | Eka-Hf;
Kurchatovium, Ku;
Hahnium, Ha;
Dubnium | [Rn]5f146d27s2 |
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105 | Dubnium | Db | 260 | 155 | Flerov;
Ghiorso | 1967
1970 | Eka-Ta;
Bohrium, Bo | [Rn]5f146d37s2 |
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106 | Seaborgium | Sg | 266 | 160 | Hulet & Ghiorso (LBL) | 1974 | Eka-W | [Rn]5f146d47s2 |
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107 | Bohrium | Bh | 262 | 155 | Armbruster & Münzenberg
& Hofmann
GSI (HIRL) Darmstadt | 1981 | Eka-Re;
Nielsbohrium, Ns | [Rn]5f146d57s2 |
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108 | Hassium | Hs | 265 | 157 | Armbruster & Münzenberg | 1983/84 | Eka-Os | [Rn]5f146d67s2 |
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109 | Meitnerium | Mt | 266 | 157 | Armbruster & Münzenberg | 1982 | Eka-Ir | [Rn]5f146d77s2 |
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110 | Darmstadtium | Ds | 269 | 159 | GSI | 1994 | Eka-Pt | [Rn]5f146d87s2 |
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111 | Roentgenium | Rg | 272 | 161 | GSI | 1994 | Eka-Au | [Rn]5f146d107s1 |
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112 | Copernicium | Cn | 277 | 165 | GSI | 1996 | Eka-Hg | [Rn]5f146d107s2 |
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113 | UnUnTrium | Uut | 278 | 165 | RIKEN | 2012 | Eka-Tl | [Rn]5f146d107s27p1 |
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114 | Flerovium | Fv | 289 | 175 | Dubna | 1998 | Eka-Pb | [Rn]5f146d107s27p2 |
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115 | UnUnPentium | Uup | 288 | 173 | Dubna-Berkeley | 2009 | Eka-Bi | [Rn]5f146d107s27p3 |
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116 | Livermorium | Lv | 289 | 173 | Berkeley | 1999 | Eka-Po | [Rn]5f146d107s27p4 |
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117 | UnUnSeptium | Uus | 294 | 177 | JINR/LLNL/ORNL | - | Eka-At | [Rn]5f146d107s27p5 |
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118 | UnUnOctium | Uuo | 294 | 176 | Dubna-Berkeley | 2006 | Eka-Rn | [Rn]5f146d107s27p6 |
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